来源： 我叫兰天_Brian
New BIM Standards - ISO19650
Introduction and Overview
The International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) have published the first two international standards for Building Information Modelling (BIM) noted below with their UK references codes:
国际标准化组织(ISO)公布了首两个有关建筑信息模型(BIM)的国际标准，并列出了其英国参考代码:
BS EN ISO 19650–1 Organisation of information about construction works – Information management using building information modelling – Part 1: concepts and principles, and BS EN ISO 19650-2 Organisation of information about construction works – Information management using building information modelling – Part 2: Delivery phase of assets.
BS EN ISO 1965 - 1建筑工程信息组织利用建筑信息模型进行信息管理,第1部分:概念和原则，和BS EN ISO 1960 -2建筑工程信息组织利用建筑信息模型进行信息管理,第2部分:资产的交付阶段。
These two ISO 19650 standards supersede BS1192:2007 + A2:2016 (principles) and PAS1192 part 2 (capital/delivery phase).
这两个ISO 19650标准取代了BS1192:2007 + A2:2016(原则)和PAS1192第2部分(资本/交付阶段)。
The principles of both BS EN ISO 19650 parts 1 and 2 are founded on the UK’s standards for information management using BIM and will be identifiable to those that are already using BS1192 and PAS1192-2. BS EN ISO 19650 is fundamentally an internationalisation of the UK’s BIM L2 model and contains all the same principles and high-level requirements with specific UK content contained in our National Annex.
BS EN ISO 19650第1部分和第2部分的原则都是基于英国使用BIM进行信息管理的标准，并且已经使用BS1192和PAS1192-2的用户也可以识别。BS EN ISO 19650从根本上来说是英国BIM L2模型的国际化，包含了所有相同的原则和高级要求，并在我们的国家附件中包含了具体的英国内容。
ISO19650 refers to “stages of maturity of analogue and digital information management” with the current ISO supporting a container based collaborative working approach. In the UK we will still reference BIM Level 2 as our equivalent.
ISO19650指的是“模拟和数字信息管理的成熟阶段”，目前的ISO支持基于容器的协作工作方法。在英国，我们仍然将BIM Level 2作为我们的等级物。
Why are we moving to international BIM standards?
The UK’s decision to trigger the move from BIM Level 2 as a UK Standard to international standards is rooted back to 2011 and the ‘Report for the Government Construction Client Group – BIM Strategy Paper.’
英国决定将BIM Level 2作为英国标准提升为国际标准，这一决定源于2011年的《政府建筑客户集团报告- BIM战略文件》。
The report encouraged the greater adoption of BIM within the UK domestic construction sector and at the same time recognised that BIM would become a disruptive and ‘game changing’ way of working which would have a profound effect on global construction, further, that BIM technologies and processes transcended national or geographic borders.
报告鼓励更多地通过,BIM在英国国内建筑行业的应用，同时也认识到BIM将成为一种颠覆性和“改变游戏规则”的工作方式,这将对全球建筑产生深远的影响，进一步，BIM技术和流程超越了国家或地理边界。
Therefore, during the development of the UK BIM Programme there was growing consensus that BIM-globalisation would inevitably push towards international norms and standards.
因此，在英国BIM项目的发展过程中，越来越多的人认为BIM的全球化将不可避免地推动国际规范和标准。
Accordingly, the UK, working through its national standard body [BSI], industry and academic organisations and networks, used its existing suite of standards which, by that time, had demonstrated its effectiveness as a tool to aid systematic adoption, as a foundation for collaboration with other nations to develop international standards.
因此，英国通过其国家标准机构[BSI]，行业和学术组织和网络，使用了现有的一套标准，到那个时候,已证明其作为一种辅助系统采用的工具的有效性，作为与其他国家合作开发国际标准的基础。
The premise of this collaborative approach was that benefits would be realised by all nations, including a common security-minded approach to the adoption of these powerful data/information rich models and tools.
这种合作方式的前提是所有国家都能实现利益，包括采用这些强大的数据/信息丰富模型和工具的通用安全思想方法
Collaterally it was anticipated that such a response would also lay the foundations for a level playing field for international markets and foster trade.
此外，预计这种反应也将为国际市场的公平竞争环境奠定基础，并促进贸易。
UK Specific documentation to support the transition
In support of the implementation of these two new international standards the British Standards Institution (BSI) has also published a National Annex to BS EN ISO 19650-2, National Forewords and UK Transition Guidance.
为了支持这两个新的国际标准的实施，英国标准协会(BSI)也发布了BS EN ISO 1960 -2的国家附件、国家前言和英国过渡指南。
The National Annex and Foreword are informative texts that provide contextual and supplementary information that does not conflict with the base ISO document.
国家附件和前言是提供与ISO基本文件不冲突的上下文和补充信息的信息性文本。
The National Foreword contains clarification of clauses within ISO 19650 in relation to other documents in the UK BIM Level 2 suite.
国家前言包含了与英国BIM Level 2套件的其他文件相关的ISO 19650条款的澄清。
The National Annex clarifies any regional, language or country specific usage i.e. equivalent UK terms as opposed to those used in ISO 19650. For example, ISO19650 uses the term “exchange information requirements” where the UK equivalent is “employer’s information requirements.” The Annex also covers the UK interpretation for Container naming conventions, Field codification, Container attributes, Container states and Project Archive.
国家附件明确了任何地区、语言或国家的特定用法，即相对于ISO 19650使用的等效英国术语。例如，ISO19650使用术语“交换信息要求”，而英国对应的术语是“雇主的信息要求”。附录还涵盖了英国对容器命名约定、字段编码、容器属性、容器状态和项目档案的解释。
The UK Transition Guidance is a technical published document produced to help all those who have been using BS 1192:2007+A2:2016 and PAS 1192-2:2013, as part of their implementation of BIM Level 2, to transition to the new ISO standards BS EN ISO 19650-1 and BS EN ISO 19650-2. The transition guidance is not aimed at those who are brand new to this standard of information management but those already working in a BIM Level 2 environment. A link can be found here upon publication.
英国过渡的指导是一个技术发布的文档产生帮助所有那些已经用BS 1192 - 2:2013 1192:2007 + A2:2016和不是,作为实现的一部分的BIM级别2,过渡到新的ISO标准BS EN ISO 19650 - 1和BS EN ISO 19650 - 2。过渡指南不是针对那些信息管理标准的新用户，而是已经在BIM Level 2环境中工作的用户。发布后可以在这里找到链接。
What about the other standards in the BIM Level 2 suite?
At present all other standards in the BIM Level 2 suite will remain extant and part of the new BIM Level 2 suite:
目前，BIM Level 2套件中的所有其他标准将继续存在，并成为新的BIM Level 2套件的一部分:
PAS 1192-5:2015 Specification for security-minded building information modelling, digital built environments and smart asset management.
PAS 1192- 5:15具有安全意识的建筑信息模型、数字化建筑环境和智能资产管理规范。
PAS 1192-3:2014 Specification for information management for the operational phase of assets using building information modelling (BIM)
PAS 1192-3:2014使用建筑信息模型(BIM)的资产运营阶段信息管理规范
BS 1192-4:2014 Collaborative production of information. Fulfilling employer’s information exchange requirements using COBie.
BS 1192- 4:14 2014信息协同生产。使用COBie满足雇主的信息交换要求。
BS 8536-1:2015 Briefing for design and construction. Code of practice for facilities management (Buildings infrastructure)
BS 8536-1:2015设计与施工简报。设施管理实务守则(建筑物及基建)
BS 8536-2:2016 Briefing for design and construction. Code of practice for asset management (Linear and geographical infrastructure)
BS 8536-2:2016设计与施工简报。资产管理实务守则(线性及地理基础设施)
The diagram below conceptualizes the UK BIM Level 2 standards in the context of ISO 19650:
下图描述了ISO 19650背景下英国BIM二级标准的概念:
ISO 19650 – 1 and 2 are the first in the move towards international standards and both PAS1192-3 and PAS1192-5 are in the process of transitioning to ISO [planned for 2020 publication] and will become:
ISO 19650 - 1和ISO 19650 - 2是迈向国际标准的第一步，而PAS1192-3和PAS1192-5都在向ISO[计划于2020年出版]过渡的过程中，将成为:
BS EN ISO 19650-3 Organization of information about construction works Information management using building information modelling – Part 3: Operational phase of assets
使用建筑信息模型的信息管理。第3部分:资产的运行阶段
BS EN ISO 19650-5 Organization of information about construction works – Information management using building information modelling – Part 5: Security-minded approach to information management.
建筑工程信息组织。使用建筑信息模型的信息管理。第5部分:信息管理的安全意识方法
There are no plans at the moment for BS1192-4 to become an ISO.
目前还没有计划让BS1192-4成为ISO。
So, what are the main changes?
Even though ISO 19650 is built upon the UK’s standards BS1192:2007+A2:2016 and PAS 1192-2:2013 there were necessary changes in terminology and language to turn UK documents into international documents however as noted previously the UK Annex helps translate these backs to the existing terminology baseline.
尽管ISO 19650是建立在英国标准BS1192:2007+A2:2016和PAS 1192-2:2013的基础上的，但在术语和语言方面有必要的变化，以便将英国文件转变为国际文件，但正如前面提到的，英国附件帮助将这些翻译回现有的术语基线。
Beyond terminology and language, the key transitional highlights are summarised below:
除术语和语言外，以下是过渡时期的主要亮点:
Lifecycle information principles
The presentation of a holistic set of information management concepts and principles in BS EN ISO 19650-1, to cover both project delivery and asset operation parts of an asset lifecycle.
在BS EN ISO 19650-1中提出了一套完整的信息管理概念和原则，涵盖了项目交付和资产运行两个部分的资产生命周期。
These concepts and principles are supported by detailed requirements for project delivery in BS EN ISO 19650-2, which itself includes further recommendations in the UK National Annex.
这些概念和原则得到了BS EN ISO 1960 -2中对项目交付的详细要求的支持，该标准本身在英国国家附件中包含了进一步的建议。
The ISO notes that the concepts and principles contained within the standard should be applied in a way that is proportionate and appropriate to the scale and complexity of the asset or project.
ISO指出，标准中包含的概念和原则应以与资产或项目的规模和复杂性相称和适当的方式应用。
This fits well with the SFT BIM Grading tool approach to ensure that the level of BIM deployment on a project is appropriate.
这与SFT BIM分级工具的方法非常契合，以确保BIM在项目中的部署水平是合适的。
Information Management Process – Delivery Phase
The ISOs follow a very clear step by step approach to articulating the information management process, workflows and procedures from “Appointing project information management roles” through to “Project close out [end of delivery phase]”.
iso遵循一个非常清晰的、循序渐进的方法，来阐明从“指定项目信息管理角色”到“项目结束(交付阶段结束)”的信息管理过程、工作流程和程序。
BIM Maturity
The ISO refers to stages of maturity of analogue and digital information management with ISO 19650 referencing a container‐based collaborative working approach. In the UK we will meantime position the adoption of the ISO 19650 plus other relevant BIM standards as per the UK Annex as a BIM Level 2 maturity.
ISO指的是模拟和数字信息管理的成熟阶段，ISO 19650引用了基于集装箱的协作工作方法。与此同时，在英国，我们将ISO 1960和其他相关BIM标准的采用定位为BIM二级成熟度，根据英国附录。
Responsibility Matrix
The ISO provides improved clarification around the concept of the responsibility matrix with two types: one to assign information management activities, the other to allocate responsibility for the delivery teams information delivery. The information delivery matrix is a core set of information deliverables, in relation to each element of the information model with assigned responsibility to produce each deliverable to a specific task team. Together these matrices support a much clearer information delivery planning process.
ISO提供了关于两种类型的责任矩阵概念的进一步说明:一种是分配信息管理活动，另一种是分配交付团队信息交付的责任。信息交付矩阵是一组核心的信息交付成果，与信息模型的每个元素相关，这些元素被分配了责任，为特定的任务团队生成每个交付成果。这些矩阵一起支持更清晰的信息交付计划过程。
Level of Information Need
The broad concept of the level of information need with a focus on information models structured repositories of all information needed for making decisions during the whole life cycle of a built environment asset. This can be defined in terms of any metrics that are appropriate to the project, including level of information and level of detail that is familiar within the UK.
信息需求级别的广义概念，主要关注信息模型，即在构建的环境资产的整个生命周期中进行决策所需的所有信息的结构化存储库。这可以根据适合项目的任何指标来定义，包括英国国内熟悉的信息水平和细节水平。
The Common Data Environment
The ISO refers to CDE states instead of CDE areas, and to information container suitability instead of status. There is a more developed concept around the archiving of information with an Archive state which is used to hold a complete record of all superseded containers that have been shared and published during the information management process. A container in the archived state that was previously in the published state is a record of contractual information at that time.
ISO指的是CDE状态而不是CDE区域，指的是信息容器适宜性而不是状态。有一个更成熟的概念是使用Archive状态对信息进行归档，该状态用于保存在信息管理过程中共享和发布的所有已替换容器的完整记录。先前处于已发布状态而现在处于存档状态的容器是当时合同信息的记录。
Risk
The ISO has more explicit requirements to consider risks associated with the timely delivery of information and the need to undertake an assessment of the risks. There is also a need for the delivery team to develop a risk register to support the management of any potential identified risks.
ISO有更明确的要求来考虑与及时交付信息有关的风险，以及对风险进行评估的需要。交付团队还需要开发风险登记册，以支持对任何潜在的已确定风险的管理。
Volume Strategy
Instead of volume strategy the connected concepts of a federation strategy and a container breakdown strategy are introduced.
本文引入了联合策略和容器分解策略的连接概念来代替容量策略。
Naming Conventions
The identification of information containers (naming convention) in the UK National Annex to BS EN ISO 19650-2 has been adjusted in response to industry feedback since the publication of BS 1192 and PAS 1192-2.
BS EN ISO 1960 -2英国国家附件中信息容器的标识(命名规范)自BS 1192和PAS 1192-2发布以来，根据行业反馈进行了调整。
Lead Appointed Parties
The documents to be developed by lead appointed parties and appointed parties (suppliers) are broken down into more detail in BS EN ISO 19650-2. This is to support clearer scalability to different types of project and appointment. These include a delivery team’s mobilisation plan and as previously noted risk register.
由主要指定方和指定方(供应商)开发的文件在BS EN ISO 19650-2中有更详细的分解。这是为了支持对不同类型的项目和约会更清晰的可伸缩性。这些包括交付团队的动员计划，以及前面提到的风险登记册。
Referencing of parties
The ISO changes how parties are referenced (i.e. from “employer” and “supplier” to “appointing party” and “appointed party”). This allows for a more flexible implementation across both project delivery and asset operation scenarios.
ISO更改提及当事人的方式(即由“雇主”及“供应商”改为“委任方”及“委任方”)。这允许跨项目交付和资产操作场景实现更灵活的实现。
What does this mean for the Scottish Public Sector Procurer?
Firstly, as ISO 19650 still holds the same principles of what was BIM Level 2 pre-ISO 19650 there is no proposed change to the Scottish Governments’ BIM Policy at this stage.
首先，由于ISO 19650仍然保持着ISO 19650前的BIM Level 2的原则，因此现阶段苏格兰政府的BIM政策并没有改变。
Whilst the SFT BIM Delivery Group supports the adoption of the latest standards there is no date by which a Scottish Public Sector procurer must adopt them by. From 1st April 2019, the BIM Delivery Group would recommend the following phased approach:
虽然SFT BIM交付小组支持采用最新的标准，但苏格兰公共部门采购人员没有日期必须采用这些标准。从2019年4月1日起，BIM交付小组将推荐以下分阶段的方法
For projects that have commenced procurement of consultants, designers or contractors prior to 1st April 2019, the project should maintain the existing BIM standards that have already been specified and not seek to retrospectively apply ISO 19650 Part 1 & 2.
对于在2019年4月1日前已开始采购顾问、设计师或承包商的项目，项目应保持已指定的现有BIM标准，而不寻求追溯性地应用ISO 19650第1和2部分。
For projects that have yet to commence procurement of the consultants, designers or contractors after the 1st April 2019, the procurer would be encourgaged to adopt ISO 19650 Parts 1 & 2 in a proportionate manner.
对于2019年4月1日后尚未开始采购顾问、设计师或承包商的项目，将鼓励采购方按比例采用ISO 19650第1和第2部分。
Whilst BS1192:2007 and PAS1192-2 are superseded by the ISO they will still be available and can be used to support the delivery of BIM Level 1 and 2 on a project. However, it must be extremely clear in the Employers Information Requirements [EIRs] which standards are being used.
虽然BS1192:2007和PAS1192-2已被ISO取代，但它们仍然可用，并可用于支持项目中BIM 1级和2级的交付。然而，在《雇主信息要求》(EIRs)中必须非常清楚地说明正在使用哪些标准。
SFT will update their BIM portal to help those delivering BIM projects with the changes they need to consider when transitioning to ISO 19650. In addition, BSI will be publishing new transition guidance to further support industry.
SFT将更新他们的BIM门户，以帮助那些交付BIM项目的人在过渡到ISO 19650时需要考虑的变化。此外，BSI将发布新的过渡指导，以进一步支持行业。
It is recommended that procurers get acquainted with these new international standards and work with their supply chains to plan a smooth transition and develop new artefacts such as delivery team mobilisation plan and risk register. The adoption of the ISO should especially be considered on any forthcoming framework projects where there is an opportunity to work collaboratively with the supply chain.
建议采购方熟悉这些新的国际标准，并与他们的供应链合作，计划平稳过渡，并开发新的产品，如交付团队动员计划和风险登记。
在未来任何有机会与供应链合作的框架项目中，应特别考虑采用ISO。
